When searching through the masses of types of photo paper one finds reference to the pound weight of the paper. History has it that the base paper size for bond paper is 17 x 22 inches. A ream of paper is 500 sheets. So 500 sheets of 20# bond paper cut to 17 x 22 inches weighs 20 pounds. 500 sheets of letter size paper (1/4th of 17 x 22) weighs 5 pounds. One letter sized sheet of 20 pound paper then weighs 1/100 of a pound.
The higher the paper weight, the thicker the paper.
A good photo paper should be at least 50lb or higher paper, preferably 80lb +.